Goa was a Portuguese territory from 1510 onwards. It became a Union Territory of India in 1961, and Statehood was conferred on it in 1987. Almost half the State has a rich forest cover and the Western Ghats form its eastern boundary. The total land area under irrigation is 43,000 hectares. Rice, coconut, cashewnut, sugarcane and fruits like pineapple, mango and banana are grown. It has substantial deposits of ferro manganese, bauxite and iron ore. There are several industries located in the State and a number of ports handle cargo exports. Tourism is a major industry, owing to its world famous beaches and unique sub-culture. All villages have been electrified. The climate is temperate with warm summers, cool winters and average annual rainfall is 287 cm.